Purpose

This course is an introduction to the theoretical foundations, history, principles, and practices of archival representation.  After completing this course, students will have gained a basic understanding of the following concepts and issues:

• The evolution of descriptive theory and practice from the nineteenth century to the present day;
• The principles of provenance and respect des fonds as they apply to archival arrangement and description;
• The role of descriptive standards in facilitating access to archival materials;
• The relationship between archival representation and the representation of cultural material in the allied fields of library science, information science, and museology;
• Implementation of authority control for archival collections;
• Descriptive practices for electronic records and archival moving image and sound material;
• The effectiveness of representation policies and practices.

Format

Class sessions will be conducted as a seminar, with discussions focusing on the assigned readings and occasional in-class exercises.  The instructor will lecture on key aspects of archival arrangement, description, and the development of surrogates, and will also touch upon important research in the field throughout the course.  The class will meet occasionally in the computer lab to gain hands-on experience with the creation of surrogates for archival collections (MARC records and EAD versions of finding aids).

Course Objectives

By the end of the semester, students will have also gained proficiency in the following areas:

• Arrangement and description of archival collections;
• Construction of finding aids according to institutional standards (including the writing of biographical  and/or historical summaries, arrangement notes, scope notes, container listings, etc.);
• Use of XML and the Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Document Type Definition (DTD) to translate finding aids into electronic form;
• Creation of collection-level description of archival collections using the MAchine Readable Cataloging (MARC) standard.

Course Policies

The instructor expects students to adhere to the following policies:

• Mandatory class attendance.  Please be aware that students who miss 3 or more class meetings will fail this course.  No exceptions.
• Participation in class discussion and exercises. Please come to class prepared to contribute to the learning process.
• Timely completion of all assignments. Late assignments will be marked down 1/2 grade for each day they are turned in past the due date, unless prior arrangements have been made with the instructor.
• In consideration of the instructor and your fellow students ...  Please turn off your cell phone while class is in session.  Use of your cell phone while class is in session (including allowing it to ring) will result in a lowered participation grade for that class session.  Also, if you will be using a laptop to take notes, please adjust the volume setting so that you do not disturb others.  Thank you.

Assignments and Assessments

Assignments

Full descriptions and instructions for completing each assignment may be found on the Courseweb site for this class.

1. Suggested Arrangement for the Texas Brewers' Institute Records (5%, due January 18, 2007)
2. Administrative History for the Texas Brewers' Institute Records (10%, due February 1, 2007)
3. Scope and Content Notes for the Texas Brewers' Institute Records (10%, due February 8, 2007)
4. MARC Cataloging Assignment (10%, due March 1, 2007)
5. Subject Headings and Thesauri Terms Assignment (10%, due March 15, 2007)
6. EAD Record Assignment (10%, due April 5, 2007)
7. Collection Representation Policy Paper (20%, due April 19, 2007)
8. Class participation (10%, cumulative throughout term)

Please carefully proofread your assignments for accuracy in spelling and grammatical construction—such errors do play a part in your grade, particularly if they affect the instructor’s ability to understand the content or import of your writing.

Please adhere to a commonly-accepted style manual for all written work (e.g., Chicago, Turabian, MLA, or APA). If the instructor notices significant inconsistencies in your citation style, your final grade will be affected. It is recommended that you use EndNote or another brand of citation management software to assist you in adhering to style guidelines.

Failure to complete any of the written assignments will result in a failing grade in the course.

Quizzes

1. Arrangement and Description Principles and Standards Quiz (5%, held February 8, 2007)
2. Authority Control and MARC Basics Quiz (5%, held February 22, 2007)
3. XML and EAD Basics Quiz (5%, held April 5, 2007)

Please familiarize yourself with the School of Information Science’s Guidelines on Academic Integrity, found at: http://www2.sis.pitt.edu/academics/integrity.html.  It is the student’s responsibility to carefully document his or her work using the appropriate style of citation.  Be aware that plagiarism will not be tolerated and will result in a failing grade in this course.

Grading Criteria

Each written assignment has a corresponding rubric, which will provide additional information on how it will be scored.  Please see the Assignments section of Courseweb for additional details on course requirements and rubrics.  Quizzes will have a total of ten points each.

Grading for the course is as follows:

A = 94-100 points
A- = 90-93 points
B+ = 87-89 points
B = 84-86 points
B- = 80-83 points
C+ = 77-79 points
C = 74-76 points
F = 73 points or below

The instructor’s policy is to not grant incompletes.  Any exception to this policy is at the instructor’s sole discretion, and it must be entirely due to clearly extraordinary circumstances supported by verifiable documentation.

Required Texts

Required texts are:

1. Describing Archives:  A Content Standard (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2004).  Abbreviated as DACS throughout syllabus. Z 695.2 S625 2004
2. Kathleen D. Roe, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2005).  CD 950 R64 2005
3. Encoded Archival Description Working Group of the Society of American Archivists, Encoded Archival Description Tag Library: Version 2002 (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2002).  Z 695.2 E55 2002. Available online at:  http://www.loc.gov/ead/tglib/index.html.
4. Encoded Archival Description Working Group of the Society of American Archivists, Encoded Archival Description Application Guidelines:  Version 1.0 (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 1999).  Z 695.2 S63 1999.  Available online at http://www.loc.gov/ead/ag/aghome.html
5. Michael J. Fox and Peter Wilkerson, Introduction to Organization and Description:  Access to Cultural Heritage (Los Angeles:  Getty, 1999).  Available online at:  http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/standards/introarchives/.

Additional required readings are available on reserve in the SIS Library or electronically.  Please note:  all readings which have call numbers are not on electronic reserve--you will need to visit the library to obtain these readings.  Also, some recommended readings may not be on reserve due to limitations on the number of items which may be put on reserve.

Accommodations

Students with disabilities who require special testing accommodations or other classroom modifications should notify the instructor and the office of Disability Resources & Services (DRS) no later than the 3rd week of the term.  Students may be asked to provide documentation of their disability to determine the appropriateness of the request.  DRS is located in 216 William Pitt Union and can be contacted at 412-648-7890 (voice), 412-624-3346 (fax), and (412) 383-7355 (TTY).

Students who must miss an exam or class due to religious observance must notify the instructor ahead of time and make alternative arrangements.

Readings

January 4th

• Introduction to Course
• Review of Requirements
• Representation of Archival Collections:  History and Core Concepts

Kathleen D. Roe, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2005).  Read Introduction and Chapter 1 (pp. xiii-xv, 1-10).  CD 950 R64 2005

Michael J. Fox and Peter Wilkerson, Introduction to Organization and Description:  Access to Cultural Heritage (Los Angeles:  Getty, 1999).  http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/standards/introarchives/

---

January 11th

• Representation of Archival Collections: Arrangement
• Writing a Processing Plan
• Costs of Processing
  

Megan Floyd Desnoyers, "When Is a Collection Processed?" Midwestern Archivist 7.1 (1982):  5-23.

Terry Eastwood, "Putting the Parts of the Whole Together:  Systematic Arrangement of Archives," Archivaria 50 (Fall 2000):  93-116.

Kathleen D. Roe, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2005).  Read Chapter 2 (pp.11-31), Chapter 4 (pp. 45-70 only), and Appendices B-C (pp. 119-130).  CD 950 R64 2005

Oliver W. Holmes, "Archival Arrangement:  Five Different Operations at Five Different Levels," American Archivist 27 (January 1964):  21-41.

Read one of the research studies below as assigned:

Terry Abraham, Stephen E. Balzarini, and Anne Frantilla, "What is Backlog is Prologue:  A Measurement of Archival Processing," American Archivist 48 (Winter 1985):  31-44.

Paul Ericksen and Robert Shuster, "Beneficial Shocks:  The Place of Processing—Cost Analysis in Archival Administration," American Archivist 58.1 (Winter 1995):  32-52.

Mark A. Greene and Dennis Meissner, "More Product, Less Process: Revamping Traditional Archival Processing," American Archivist 68.2 (2005): 208-264.

Uli Haller, "Variations in the Processing Rates on the Magnuson and Jackson Senatorial Papers," American Archivist 50 (Winter 1987):  100-109.

William Maher, "Measurement and Analysis of Processing Costs in Academic Archives," College and Research Libraries 43 (1982):  59-67.

Recommended Scanning:

    Frank Boles, "Disrespecting Original Order," American Archivist 45 (Winter 1982):  26-32.

    Uli Haller, "Processing for Access," American Archivist 48 (Fall 1985):  400-15.

    Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts, Chapters 5-7:  Arrangement and Description.  Z 695.2 M55 1990

    Thomas Wilsted, Computing the Total Cost of Archival Processing, Technical Leaflet Series no. 2 (n.p.:  Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference, 1989).  CD 971 W54 1989

---

January 18th

Due: Suggested Arrangement for the Texas Brewers' Institute Records

• Information Retrieval Tools (Guest Lecture by Dr. Judith Jablonski)
  
• Tools for Archival Description and Retrieval, and Their Efficacy
• Calendars, finding aids, guides, indexes, registers, etc.

    Arlene Taylor, The Organization of Information, 2nd ed. (Libraries Unlimited, 2003).  Read Chapter 2. Z666.5 .T39 2004

(Tools) 

    Fredric Miller, "Use, Appraisal, and Research:  A Case Study of Social History," American Archivist 49 (Fall 1986):  371-392.

    Jacqueline Goggin, "The Indirect Approach:  A Study of Scholarly Users of Black and Women's Organizational Records in the Library of Congress Manuscript Division," Midwestern Archivist 11 (1986):  57-67.

    Helen R. Tibbo and Lokman I. Meho, "Finding Finding Aids on the World Wide Web," American Archivist 64 (Spring/Summer 2001):  61-77.

Review one of the following sets as assigned:

    National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC) (Washington, D.C.:  Library of Congress. 1993 ed. Z 6620 U5 N3 (Hillman Non-Circulating)

    NUCMC online (via RLIN), http://www.loc.gov/coll/nucmc/

    National Inventory of Documentary Sources (NIDS) CD 3023. N37 1985 (Hillman 2nd Floor Non-Circulating)

    National Historical Publications and Records Commission, Directory of Archives and Manuscript Repositories in the United States (Phoenix:  Oryx Press, 1988).  CD 3020.D49 1988 (IS Library Non-Circulating)

    Women's History Sources: A Guide to Archives and Manuscript Collections in the United States (New York:  Bowker, 1979). Z 7964.U49 H56 (Hillman Non-Circulating)

    Vatican Archives:  An Inventory and Guide to Historical Documents of the Holy See (New York:  Oxford University Press, 1998).  CD 1586 1998 (Hillman Non-Circulating)

Also recommended:

    Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts, Chapter 8:  Description:  The Nature of Archival Information (80-87) and Chapter 9:  Descriptive Tools (88-108). Z 695.2 M55 1990

---

January 25th

• Representation of Archival Collections:  Description

Required Readings:

(Description)

    DACS (read all prefatory material, introduction, Chapters 1-8). Z 695.2 S625 2004

    Chris Hurley, "The Making and the Keeping of Records:  (1) What Are Finding Aids For?" Archives and Manuscripts 26.1 (May 1998):  58-77.

    Wendy M. Duff and Verne Harris, "Stories and Names:  Archival Description as Narrating Records and Constructing Meanings," Archival Science 2 (2002):  263-285.

    Michelle Light and Tom Hyry, "Colophons and Annotations:  New Directions for the Finding Aid," American Archivist 65 (2002):  216-230.

    Heather MacNeil, "Picking Our Text: Archival Description, Authenticity, and the Archivist as Editor," American Archivist 68.2 (2005): 264-278.

    Kathleen D. Roe, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2005).  Read rest of Chapter 4 (pp. 71-97) and Appendix D (pp. 131-145).  CD 950 R64 2005

---

February 1st

Due: Organizational History for the Texas Brewers' Institute Records

• The Role of Standards in Archival Description
• DACS
• ISAD
• EAD
• MARC
• LCSH
• Thesauri (such as AAT)
  

Required Readings:

    Jean E. Dryden, Implementing Descriptive Standards at the United Church Central Archives:  A Case Study in Automated Techniques for Archives (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 1997). CD 973.D3 D78 1997

    Wendy Duff and Kent Haworth, "Advancing Archival Description:  A Model for Rationalising North American Descriptive Standards,"  Archives and Manuscripts 25.2 (Nov. 1997):  194-217.

    Kathleen D. Roe, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2005).  Read Chapter 3 (pp. 33-44) and Appendix A (pp. 111-118).  CD 950 R64 2005

Recommended Scanning:

   International Council on Archives, ISAD (G):  General International Standard Archival Description, 2nd ed. (Paris:  ICA, 2004).  http://www.ica.org/biblio.php?pdocid=1

    Steven L. Hensen, "Standards for the Exchange of Descriptive Information on Archival and Manuscript Material in the United States," Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992):  272-78.

    William E. Landis, "Nuts and Bolts:  Implementing Descriptive Standards to Enable Virtual Collections," Journal of Archival Organization 1.1 (2002):  81-92.

    Miller, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts, Chapter 10:  Descriptive Standards (109-123).  Z 695.2 M55 1990

    Hugo L.P. Stibbe, "Archival Descriptive Standards and the Archival Community:  A Retrospective, 1996," Archivaria 41 (Spring 1996):  259-274.

    "Report of the Working Group on Standards for Archival Description," American Archivist 52 (Fall 1989):  440-61, and related articles in same issue, 504-26.

    Canadian Working Group on Archival Descriptive Standards, Toward Descriptive Standards (Ottawa:  Bureau of Canadian Archivists, 1985).  Z695.2 B87 1985

    Victoria Irons Walch, Standards for Archival Description:  A Handbook (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 1994). Z 695.2 W35 1994

    Special issue on archival descriptive standards in Library Trends 36 (Winter 1988).

    Special issue on archival descriptive standards in Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992).

    "Standards for Archival Description:  Background Papers," American Archivist 53 (Winter 1990):  24-108.

---

February 8th

Due: Scope and Content Notes for the Texas Brewers' Institute Records

Quiz: Arrangement and Description Principles and Standards

• Authority Control in the Archival Environment, Pt. I (Describing Creators)
• MARC for Archival Collections, Pt. I (Structural Elements and Syntax)
  

Required Reading:

(Authority control)

    DACS, pp. 85-114. Z 695.2 S625 2004

    Kathleen D. Roe, Arranging and Describing Archives and Manuscripts (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2005).  Read Appendix E (pp. 146-174).  CD 950 R64 2005

    Hugo Stibbe, "Implementing the Concept of Fonds:  Primary Access Point, Multilevel Description, and Authority Control," Archivaria 34 (Summer 1992):  109-137.

(MARC)

    Deborah J. Byrne, MARC Manual:  Understanding and Using MARC Records, 2nd ed. (Englewood, Colo.:  Libraries Unlimited, 1998).  Chapters 1-5, 10 (1-127, 209-227).  Z 699.35 M28 B97 1998

    Marion E. Matters, Introduction to the USMARC Format for Archival and Manuscripts Control (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 1990).  Z695.2 M37 1990

Recommended Scanning:

    Library of Congress, MARC Standards, http://lcweb.loc.gov/marc

    International Council on Archives, ISAAR (CPF):  International Standard Archival Authority Record for Corporate Bodies, Persons, and Families, 2nd ed. (Paris:  ICA, 2004).  http://www.ica.org/biblio.php?pdocid=144

    Charles A. Cutter, "Rules for a Dictionary Catalog:  Selections," in Foundations of Cataloging:  A Sourcebook, ed. Michael Carpenter and Elaine Svenonius (Littleton, Colo.:  Libraries Unlimited, 1985):  62-71.  Z 693 F68 1985

    Ronald Hagler, The Bibliographic Record and Information Technology, 3rd ed. (Chicago:  American Library Association, 1997).  Read pp. 1-94.  Z 699.35 M28 H34 1997

    Seymour Lubetzky, "The Objectives of the Catalog," in Foundations of Cataloging:  A Sourcebook , ed. Michael Carpenter and Elaine Svenonius (Littleton, Colo.:  Libraries Unlimited, 1985):  90-103.   Z 693 F68 1985

    Andrew D. Osborn, "The Crisis in Cataloging," in Foundations in Cataloging:  A Sourcebook , ed. Michael Carpenter and Elaine Svenonius (Littleton, Colo.:  Libraries Unlimited, 1985):  186-194.  Z 693 F68 1985

    Barbara B. Tillet, "The History of Linking Devices," Library Resource & Technical Services 36 (1992):  23-36.

---

February 15th

• Authority Control in the Archival Environment, Pt. II (Forms of Names)
• MARC for Archival Collections, Pt. II (Creating Collection-Level Records)

Required Reading:

(Authority control)

    DACS, pp. 117-197. Z 695.2 S625 2004

    Elizabeth Black, Authority Control:  A Manual for Archivists ([Ottawa]:  Planning Committee on Descriptive Standards, Bureau of Canadian Archivists, 1991.  Z 693.3 A88 B53 1991

    Marion Matters, "Authority Work for Transitional Catalogs," in Describing Archival Materials:  The Use of the MARC AMC Format, ed. Richard P. Smiraglia (New York:  Haworth Press, 1990).  Originally published as Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 11.3-4 (1990). Z 699.5 A7D47 1990
 
    Edward Swanson, "Choice and Form of Access Points According to AACR2," in Describing Archival Materials:  The Use of the MARC AMC Format, ed. Richard P. Smiraglia (New York:  Haworth Press, 1990).  Originally published as Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 11.3-4 (1990). Z 699.5 A7D47 1990

(MARC)

    Lisa Weber, "Record Formatting:  MARC AMC," in Describing Archival Materials:  The Use of the MARC AMC Format , ed. Richard P. Smiraglia (New York:  Haworth Press, 1990).  Originally published as Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 11.3-4 (1990). Z 699.5 A7D47 1990

    Robert P. Spindler and Richard Pearce-Moses, "Does AMC Mean 'Archives Made Confusing'? Patron Understanding of USMARC AMC Catalog Records," American Archivist 56 (Spring 1993):  330-41.

Recommended Scanning:

    Lyn Martin, "Viewing the Field:  A Literature Review and Survey of the Use of MARC AMC in U.S. Academic Archives," American Archivist 57 (Summer 1994):  482-97.

    Special issue on the MARC AMC format, American Archivist 49 (Winter 1986).
 
    Elizabeth Yakel, "Pushing MARC to Its Limits:  The Vatican Archives Project," American Archivist 55 (Winter 1992):  192-201.

---

February 22nd

Quiz:  Authority Control and MARC Basics

• Subject Access
• LCSH and AAT (Structural elements and syntax)

Required Readings:

    Jackie M. Dooley, "Subject Indexing in Context," American Archivist 55 (Spring 1992):  344-354.

    Richard H. Lytle, "Intellectual Access to Archives:  I. Provenance and Content Indexing Methods of Subject Retrieval," American Archivist 43 (Winter 1980):  64-75.

    Fernanda Ribeiro, "Subject Indexing and Authority Control in Archives:  The Need for Subject Indexing in Archives and for an Indexing Policy Using Controlled Language," Journal of the Society of Archivists 17.1 (1996):  27-54.

Recommended Scanning:

    Art and Architecture Thesaurus [AAT], http://www.getty.edu/research/tools/vocabulary/aat

    Library of Congress Subject Headings [LCSH], LC 26.7 (Hillman Non-Circulating, latest edition kept on Reference Desk dictionary stand)

    Library of Congress Thesaurus for Graphic Materials [LCTGM], http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/print/tgm1 and http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/print/tgm2 .

    Medical Subject Headings [MeSH] Z 695.1 M48 U52c (Falk Library--200 Scaife Hall, non-circulating; also online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html)

    Richard H. Lytle, "Intellectual Access to Archives:  II. Report of an Experiment Comparing Provenance and Content Indexing Methods of Subject Retrieval," American Archivist 43 (Spring 1980):  191-206.

---

March 1st

Due:  MARC Cataloging Assignment

• Subject Access
• LCSH  and AAT (Applying topical, genre,  functional, and occupational terms)

Required Readings:

   Richard P. Smiraglia, "Subject Access to Archival Matierals Using LCSH," in Describing Archival Materials:  The Use of the MARC AMC Format, ed. Richard P. Smiraglia (New York:  Haworth Press, 1990).  Originally published as Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 11.3-4 (1990). Z 699.5 A7D47 1990

    Guide to Indexing and Cataloging with the Art & Architecture Thesaurus, ed. Toni Petersen and Patricia J. Barnett (New York : Oxford University Press, 1994).  Ch. 5, "Archives and Special Collections," pp. 87-100.  Z 695.1 A7G85 1994

Recommended Scanning:

    Helen R. Tibbo, "The Epic Struggle:  Subject Retrieval from Large Bibliographic Databases," American Archivist 57 (Spring 1994):  310-26.

---

March 8th

Spring Break!

---

March 15th

Due:  Subject Headings and Thesauri Terms Assignment

• MARC for Archival Collections, Pt. III (Tagging subject headings and indexing terms)

Class held in 828 Lab.  We will break into two groups for this class (please report to the lab at your assigned time).

---

March 22nd

• Encoded Archival Description, Pt. 1:  History, DTD, and Administrative Decisions

Required Reading:

    Lisa R. Coats, "Users of EAD Finding Aids:  Who Are They and Are They Satisfied?" Journal of Archival Organization 2.3 (2004):  25-39.

    Janice E. Ruth, "Encoded Archival Description:  A Structural Overview," American Archivist 60 (Summer 1997): 310-329.

    James M. Roth, "Serving Up EAD:  An Exploratory Study on the Deployment and Utilization of Encoded Archival Description (EAD) Finding Aids," American Archivist 64.2 (Fall/Winter 2001):  214-237.

    Patrick Yott, "Introduction to XML," Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 40.3-4 (2005):  213-235. Available via PittCat.

Skim/Familiarize Yourself With:

   EAD DTD Home Page, http://lcweb.loc.gov/ead/

    Encoded Archival Description Working Group of the Society of American Archivists, Encoded Archival Description Application Guidelines:  Version 1.0 (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 1999). Z 695.2 S63 1999, http://www.loc.gov/ead/ag/aghome.html

    Encoded Archival Description Working Group of the Society of American Archivists, Encoded Archival Description Tag Library: Version 2002 (Chicago:  Society of American Archivists, 2002). Z 695.2 S67 1998, http://www.loc.gov/ead/tglib/

Recommended Browsing:

    EAD Finding Aids Home Page, http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/ead/eadhome.html

    EAD Help Pages, http://www.archivists.org/saagroups/ead/

---

March 29th

• Encoded Archival Description, Pt. 2: Technical Decisions and Implementation

Class held in 828 Lab.  We will break into two groups for this class (please report to the lab at your assigned time).

Required Reading:

    Matthew Young Eidson, “Describing Anything that Walks: The Problem Behind the Problem of EAD,” Journal of Archival Organization 1.4 (2002): 5-28.

    Christina J. Hostetter, "Online Finding Aids:  Are They Practical?" Journal of Archival Organization 2.1-2 (2004):  117-145.

    Jennifer A. Marshall, "The Impact of EAD Adoption on Archival Programs:  A Pilot Survey of Early Implementers," Journal of Archival Organization 1.1 (2002):  35-51.

    Christopher J. Prom, “User Interactions with Electronic Finding Aids in a Controlled Setting,” American Archivist 67 (2004):  234-68.
   
    Elizabeth J. Shaw, "Rethinking EAD: Balancing Flexibility and Interoperability," New Review of Information Networking 7 (2001): 117-132.

    Elizabeth Yakel, "Encoded Archival Description:  Are Finding Aids Boundary Spanner Of Barriers for Users?" Journal of Archival Organization 2.1-2 (2004):  63-77.

Recommended Scanning:

    Encoded Archival Description on the Internet, Daniel V. Pitti and Wendy M. Duff, eds. (Binghamton, N.Y.:  Haworth Information Press, 2001).  Z 695.2 E63 2001  On reserve.

    Julie Allinson, "Enabling Armchair Delivery:  Approaches to Encoding Finding Aids at the University of Liverpool," Archives and Museum Informatics 12.3-4 (1998):  253-76. [Available electronically through PittCat]

    Elizabeth H. Dow, Creating EAD-Compatible Finding Guides on Paper (Lanham, Md.:  Scarecrow Press, 2005).  Z695.2 .D69 2005

    David C. Gatrell, "Word Processing and Database Software as EAD Encoding Tools," Archives and Museum Informatics 12.3-4 (1998):  277-86.  [Available electronically through PittCat]
   
    Timothy Hutchinson, "Retrieval Experiment Comparing MARC and EAD," Archivaria 44 (Fall 1997):  72-100.

    Jill Tatem, "EAD:  Obstacles to Implementation, Opportunities for Understanding," Archival Issues 23.2 (1998):  155-69.

    Paul B. Watry, "Delivering the Goods:  Constructing a Next-Generation Information Retrieval System for Distribution of EAD Finding Aids," Archives and Museum Informatics 12.3-4 (1998):  243-52.  [Available electronically through PittCat].

---

April 5th

Due: EAD Record Assignment

Quiz:  XML and EAD Basics

• Encoded Archival Context
  

Required Readings:

    Encoded Archival Context (Beta Version), documentation (including DTD and Tag Library) found at: http://www.iath.virginia.edu/eac/

    “Toronto Tenets: Principles and Criteria for a Model for Archival Context Information.”  Report from Toronto Archival Context Meeting, March 2001.  http://www.library.yale.edu/eac/torontotenets.htm

    Daniel V. Pitti, “Creator Description: Encoded Archival Context,” International Cataloging and Bibliographic Control, 33.2, (2004):  32-38.

---

April 12th

• Creation and Preservation of Metadata for Archival Collections
• Metadata Standards:  Dublin Core, METS, MODS, OAI, etc.

Guest Speaker:  Michael Bolam, University of Pittsburgh Digital Research Library

Required Reading:

    Joanne Evans, Sue McKemmish, and Karuna Bhoday, "Create Once, Use Many Times: The Clever Use of Recordkeeping Metadata for Multiple Archival Purposes," Archival Science 5.1 (2005):  17-42.  Available via PittCat.

    Anne Gilliland, Nadav Rouche, Lori Lindberg, Joanne Evans, "Towards a 21st Century Metadata Infrastructure Supporting the Creation, Preservation and Use of Trustworthy Records: Developing the InterPARES 2 Metadata Schema Registry," Archival Science 5.1 (2005):  43-78. Available via PittCat.

    Wendy M. Duff, "Evaluating Metadata on a Metalevel," Archival Science 1 (2001):  285-294.  Available via PittCat.

Recommended Readings:

    Wendy M. Duff, "Will Metadata Replace Archival Description:  A Commentary," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995):  33-38.

    Heather MacNeil, "Metadata Strategies and Archival Description:  Comparing Apples to Oranges," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995):  22-32.

    David A. Wallace, "Managing the Present:  Metadata as Archival Description," Archivaria 39 (Spring 1995):  11-21.

---

April 19th

Due:  Collection Representation Policy Paper

• Representation of Visual Materials

Guest Speaker:  Miriam Meislik, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh)

Resources (skim): 

   Elisabeth W. Betz, Graphic Materials: Rules for Describing Original Items and Historical Collections. Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1982. 155 p. (Alternative to Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Chapter 8.) Text of GM is available online in several formats at http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/gm/graphmat.html

    Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Thesaurus for Graphic Materials I: Subject Terms.(TGM I) Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1995. Rev. ed. 556 p. Available online, including terms added since 1995: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/print/tgm1

    Library of Congress. Prints and Photographs Division. Thesaurus for Graphic Materials II: Genre and Physical Characteristic Terms. (TGM II or GMPGC) Washington, DC: Library of Congress, 1995. Rev. ed. Available online, including terms added since 1995: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/print/tgm2/

Required Readings:

    Arden Alexander and Tracy Meehleib, "The Thesaurus for Graphic Materials: Its History, Use, and Future" in Cataloging and Classification Quarterly 31: 3/4 (2001): 189-212.  Available via PittCat.

    Caroline R. Arms, "Getting the Picture: Observations from the Library of Congress on Providing Online Access to Pictorial Images," Library Trends 48: 2 (Fall 1999): 379-409. Available online: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/techdocs/libt1999/libt1999.html
 
    Guide to Indexing and Cataloging with the Art & Architecture Thesaurus, ed. Toni Petersen and Patricia J. Barnett (New York:  Oxford University Press, 1994).  Chapter 8, "Visual Resources,"  pp. 163-179.  Z 695.1 A7G85 1994

    Sara Shatford,  "Analyzing the Subject of a Picture: A Theoretical Approach," Cataloging and Classification Quarterly 6:3 (1986): 39-62.

    Sara Shatford, "Describing a Picture: A Thousand Words are Seldom Cost Effective," Cataloging and Classification Quarterly 4:4 (1984): 13-30.

---

April 26th

Course Wrap-Up (Papers Returned)